高中英语-阅读C篇高频词汇/熟词生义同义词替换/长难句真题归纳2022-2026高考汇编

高中英语新高考通用,2022-2026高考汇编高频词汇/熟词生义
同义词替换/长难句,阅读C篇真题归纳,高考复习专项归纳,ZBYYA1012

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高考英语阅读C篇真题核心汇编(2022-2026)

内容大纲

本汇编覆盖2022至2026年高考英语全卷型阅读理解C篇,包含全国甲卷、全国乙卷、新高考I卷、新高考II卷(2022-2024)及全国一卷、全国二卷、全国甲卷、全国乙卷(2025-2026),针对C篇以科普实验、社科研究类说明文为主的命题特点,按年份+卷型逐一拆解核心考点。

每篇卷型均包含四大模块:

  1. 高频核心词(20个):精选原文与选项中最高频的核心词汇,覆盖话题词、研究类动词、逻辑连接词三大类
  2. 熟词生义(5个):提炼科普/语境下的词义偏转考点,直击词义猜测题命题规律
  3. 同义替换(8组):还原原文表达与正确选项的标准改写,匹配细节题、推断题出题逻辑
  4. 经典句式解析(≥3个):拆解当年真题典型长难句,标注主干、从句结构与命题陷阱

使用建议

  1. 分卷刷题配套用:刷对应年份卷型C篇前,先快速浏览该卷的高频词与熟词生义,带着词汇储备读文,显著减少阅读卡顿
  2. 同义替换专项背:C篇正确选项几乎不照搬原句,建议将同义替换整理成速记卡,反复强化,提升细节题、推断题正确率
  3. 长难句拆解训练:先自主划分句子主干与从句,再对照解析,重点攻克让步状语从句、研究结论宾语从句、非限定性定语从句三类高频结构
  4. 横向复盘提效率:二轮复习时横向对比同话题卷型的词汇,优先记忆跨卷复现的核心词
  5. 考前冲刺抓重点:考前只看熟词生义与同义替换,快速查漏补缺,聚焦最高频考点

2022年高考全国甲卷 阅读C篇

主题:南极探险之旅

一、高频核心词(20个)

expedition n. 探险;远征
Antarctica n. 南极洲
penguin n. 企鹅
explore v. 探索
journey n. 旅程
professional adj. 专业的
retire v. 退休
unforgettable adj. 难忘的
childhood n. 童年
eventually adv. 最终
career n. 职业
group n. 群体
greet v. 问候
trip n. 旅行
reach v. 到达
guide v. 带领
nest n. 窝
decide v. 决定
further adv. 更远地
plunge n. 果断行动

二、熟词生义(5个)

long v. 熟义:长的(形容词),本文生义:渴望;期盼
kick-start 熟义:踢启动,本文生义:开启;启动(进程)
fly the nest 熟义:飞离鸟巢,本文生义:(子女)长大离家
take the plunge 熟义:跳水,本文生义:果断决定;冒险尝试
tour v. 熟义:旅游(名词),本文生义:巡回演出;巡回工作

三、同义替换(8组)

long to do — be eager to do 释义:渴望做
kick-start — start 释义:启动
fly the nest — leave home 释义:离家独立
take the plunge — make a brave decision 释义:做出果断决定
deep love for — strong affection for 释义:深爱
explore further — travel more widely 释义:更远探索
unforgettable trip — memorable journey 释义:难忘的旅程
eventually — finally 释义:最终

四、经典句式解析(3个)

  1. 原文:As Ginni Bazlinton reached Antarctica, she found herself greeted by a group of little Gentoo penguins longing to say hello.
    主干:she found herself greeted by penguins
    解析:as引导时间状语从句;longing to say hello为现在分词作后置定语修饰penguins;find oneself done结构表示“发觉自己处于某种状态”
    翻译:当吉妮·巴兹林顿抵达南极洲时,她发现一群巴布亚小企鹅正围过来,迫不及待地向她问好。
    命题点:非谓语作定语、find oneself结构
  2. 原文:Throughout her career as a professional dancer, she toured in the UK, but always longed to explore further.
    主干:she toured in the UK, but longed to explore further
    解析:but连接并列谓语;throughout引导时间状语,表“贯穿整个时期”
    翻译:在她职业舞者的职业生涯中,她在英国各地巡演,但一直渴望去更远的地方探索。
    命题点:but转折逻辑、long to do熟词生义
  3. 原文:When she retired from dancing and her sons eventually flew the nest, she decided it was time to take the plunge.
    主干:she decided it was time to take the plunge
    解析:when引导时间状语从句,包含两个并列分句;it was time to do为固定句型
    翻译:当她从舞蹈行业退休,儿子们也最终长大离家后,她觉得是时候大胆尝试了。
    命题点:flew the nest、take the plunge两个习语,是词义猜测题高频考点

2022年高考全国乙卷 阅读C篇

主题:灰熊种群保护

一、高频核心词(20个)

grizzly bear 灰熊
species n. 物种
biologist n. 生物学家
range n. 生存范围
recovery n. 恢复
conservation n. 保护
endangered adj. 濒危的
legal adj. 法律的
protection n. 保护
attempt v. 尝试
delist v. 从名单中移除
loosen v. 放宽
hunt v. 捕猎
overturn v. 推翻
lawsuit n. 诉讼
precaution n. 预防措施
troublesome adj. 麻烦的
attractant n. 引诱物
remain v. 剩余
former adj. 从前的

二、熟词生义(5个)

range n. 熟义:范围;山脉,本文生义:(动植物的)生存分布区
act n. 熟义:行动,本文生义:法案;法令
delist v. 熟义:列表,本文生义:从保护名录中除名
pass v. 熟义:通过,本文生义:经过(某地)
bad habits 熟义:坏习惯,本文生义:(动物)觅食陋习

三、同义替换(8组)

re-occupy — re-enter 释义:重新占据
former range — previous habitat 释义:原栖息地
endangered species — protected species 释义:濒危物种
legal protection — legal safeguard 释义:法律保护
due to — because of 释义:由于
troublesome — problematic 释义:造成麻烦的
in search of — looking for 释义:寻找
highly effective — very useful 释义:非常有效的

四、经典句式解析(3个)

  1. 原文:By the early 1970s, after centuries of cruel and continuous hunting by settlers, 600 to 800 grizzlies remained on a mere 2 percent of their former range in the Northern Rockies.
    主干:600 to 800 grizzlies remained
    解析:by引导时间状语;after引出时间背景;on a mere 2 percent of…介词短语作地点状语
    翻译:到20世纪70年代初,在历经定居者数百年残酷且不间断的捕猎之后,只有600至800只灰熊存活,仅占据它们从前在落基山脉北部栖息地的2%。
    命题点:时间状语、数量信息,细节题常考
  2. 原文:The act helped the grizzlies make a slow but steady recovery, and wildlife officials once tried to delist them, only to face lawsuits from conservation groups.
    主干:The act helped the grizzlies make recovery, and officials tried to delist them
    解析:only to do 表示出乎意料的结果;and连接并列句
    翻译:该法案帮助灰熊实现缓慢但稳定的种群恢复,野生动物官员曾尝试将它们从保护名录移除,结果遭到环保保护组织的诉讼。
    命题点:only to do 结果状语逻辑
  3. 原文:One of the most useful precautions is to remove food attractants that might bring bears into contact with farm animals and human yards.
    主干:One of the precautions is to remove food attractants
    解析:that引导定语从句修饰attractants;不定式作表语
    翻译:最有效的预防手段之一就是清除食物引诱物,这些引诱物可能会吸引灰熊,使其靠近家畜和人类院落。
    命题点:定语从句、不定式表语

2022年新高考I卷 阅读C篇

主题:植物交流研究

一、高频核心词(20个)

plant n. 植物
communicate v. 交流
signal n. 信号
chemical n. 化学物质
release v. 释放
detect v. 察觉;探测
defense n. 防御
insect n. 昆虫
researcher n. 研究者
experiment n. 实验
root n. 根部
network n. 网络
transfer v. 传递
warning n. 警告
survive v. 存活
adapt v. 适应
confirm v. 证实
respond v. 作出反应
pest n. 害虫
observe v. 观察

二、熟词生义(5个)

signal n. 熟义:信号灯,本文生义:(生物)信号
defense n. 熟义:保卫,本文生义:(生物)防御机制
root n. 熟义:根源,本文生义:植物的根
release v. 熟义:发布,本文生义:释放(气体、物质)
pest n. 熟义:讨厌的人,本文生义:害虫

三、同义替换(8组)

communicate — exchange information 释义:交流、传递信息
detect — sense 释义:感知、察觉
defense system — protective system 释义:防御系统
release chemicals — give out chemicals 释义:释放化学物质
respond to — react to 释义:对……作出反应
beneath the ground — underground 释义:在地下
survive — stay alive 释义:存活
confirm — prove 释义:证实

四、经典句式解析(3个)

  1. 原文:Scientists have found that plants can send warning signals through their root networks when they are being attacked by harmful insects.
    主干:Scientists have found that…
    解析:that引导宾语从句;when引导时间状语从句,使用现在进行时被动
    翻译:科学家发现,当植物遭到害虫侵袭时,可以通过根系网络发送预警信号。
    命题点:宾语从句、进行时被动语态
  2. 原文:What surprises many people is that this kind of communication happens mainly underground, instead of through leaves in the air.
    主干:What surprises many people is that…
    解析:what引导主语从句,that引导表语从句
    翻译:让很多人感到惊讶的是,这类信息交流主要发生在地下,而不是通过空气中的叶片完成。
    命题点:主语从句+表语从句复合结构
  3. 原文:Once a plant receives the warning message, it will start to produce its own defensive chemicals ahead of time.
    主干:it will start to produce chemicals
    解析:once引导条件/时间状语从句;ahead of time意为提前
    翻译:一旦植物接收到预警信息,它就会提前生成自身的防御化学物质。
    命题点:once引导状语从句

2022年新高考II卷 阅读C篇

主题:怀旧心理研究

一、高频核心词(20个)

nostalgia n. 怀旧;乡愁
memory n. 记忆
emotion n. 情绪
benefit n. 益处
psychological adj. 心理的
subject n. 受试者
mood n. 情绪
loneliness n. 孤独感
comfort n. 安慰
identity n. 身份
positive adj. 积极的
negative adj. 消极的
reduce v. 减少
stress n. 压力
strengthen v. 增强
belonging n. 归属感
survey n. 调查
conclude v. 得出结论
temporary adj. 暂时的
stimulate v. 激发

二、熟词生义(5个)

subject n. 熟义:科目,本文生义:实验受试者
function n. 熟义:功能,本文生义:起作用
sense n. 熟义:感官,本文生义:感受
escape v. 熟义:逃跑,本文生义:暂时抽离、逃避现实
stimulate v. 熟义:刺激,本文生义:唤起、激发(思绪)

三、同义替换(8组)

nostalgia — longing for the past 释义:怀旧
reduce stress — lower pressure 释义:减轻压力
strengthen — build up 释义:增强
a sense of belonging — the feeling of belonging 释义:归属感
remind sb of — call up memories of 释义:使想起
benefit — be good for 释义:对……有益
conclude — draw a conclusion 释义:得出结论
temporary — short-lived 释义:短暂的

四、经典句式解析(3个)

  1. 原文:Many people regard nostalgia as a sad feeling, yet studies show it can serve as a powerful comfort when people feel lonely.
    主干:studies show it can serve as a comfort
    解析:yet表转折;when引导时间状语从句;regard…as把……看作
    翻译:很多人认为怀旧是悲伤的情绪,但研究表明,当人们感到孤独时,怀旧可以带来强烈的慰藉。
    命题点:yet转折逻辑、regard固定搭配
  2. 原文:What nostalgia does is help us remember who we are and keep our personal identity steady during hard times.
    主干:What nostalgia does is help us remember…
    解析:what引导主语从句;省略to的不定式作表语;who引导宾语从句
    翻译:怀旧的作用,是帮助我们记住自我,在艰难时期稳定自我身份认知。
    命题点:主语从句、不定式省略to
  3. 原文:Although it is linked to memories of the past, nostalgia does not mean we want to go back to earlier days.
    主干:nostalgia does not mean…
    解析:although引导让步状语从句;mean后面接宾语从句
    翻译:尽管怀旧和过往记忆相关,但这不代表我们想要回到从前。
    命题点:让步状语从句(although不与but连用)

2023年高考全国甲卷 阅读C篇

主题:城市蜜蜂保护

一、高频核心词(20个)

bee n. 蜜蜂
pollinator n. 传粉昆虫
urban adj. 城市的
habitat n. 栖息地
decline v. 下降;减少
threat n. 威胁
pesticide n. 杀虫剂
native adj. 本土的
researcher n. 研究者
rural adj. 乡村的
adapt v. 适应
survive v. 存活
encourage v. 鼓励
resident n. 居民
bloom v. 开花
variety n. 多样
resource n. 资源
avoid v. 避免
contribute v. 促成
pollinate v. 授粉

二、熟词生义(5个)

decline v. 熟义:拒绝,本文生义:(数量)下降、减少
native adj. 熟义:本国的,本文生义:本土原生的(动植物)
bloom v. 熟义:繁荣,本文生义:开花
project n. 熟义:工程,本文生义:公益研究项目
support v. 熟义:支持,本文生义:供养、维持(生物)

三、同义替换(8组)

decline — drop 释义:下降
urban areas — cities 释义:城区
rural areas — countryside 释义:乡村
adapt to — get used to 释义:适应
threaten — put…at risk 释义:威胁
contribute to — lead to 释义:造成、促成
a variety of — different kinds of 释义:各种各样的
surprisingly — unexpectedly 释义:出人意料地

四、经典句式解析(3个)

  1. 原文:Many people believe that bees can only live well in the countryside, but the new study finds cities may provide good living space for them.
    主干:the new study finds cities may provide space
    解析:that引导宾语从句;but转折分句
    翻译:很多人认为蜜蜂只适合在乡村生存,但这项新研究发现城市也可以为它们提供良好的生存空间。
    命题点:宾语从句、转折对比,观点题高频
  2. 原文:What helps urban bees most is gardens filled with native flowers that bloom in different seasons.
    主干:What helps urban bees most is gardens
    解析:what主语从句;filled with分词后置定语;that定语从句修饰flowers
    翻译:对城市蜜蜂帮助最大的,是种植着不同季节开花本土花卉的花园。
    命题点:主语从句、多层定语
  3. 原文:If city residents stop using harmful pesticides, they will greatly increase the chance for local bees to survive.
    主干:they will increase the chance
    解析:if引导条件状语从句;不定式to survive作后置定语
    翻译:如果城市居民不再使用有害杀虫剂,本地蜜蜂存活的概率会大幅提升。
    命题点:if条件状语从句

2023年高考全国乙卷 阅读C篇

主题:手写笔记优势研究

一、高频核心词(20个)

handwrite v. 手写
note n. 笔记
laptop n. 笔记本电脑
recall v. 回忆起
participant n. 参与者
lecture n. 讲座
process v. 处理
absorb v. 吸收
focus v. 集中注意力
distract v. 使分心
advantage n. 优势
conclusion n. 结论
detail n. 细节
recognize v. 识别
review v. 复习
performance n. 表现
mental adj. 脑力的
skip v. 跳过
summarize v. 总结
content n. 内容

二、熟词生义(5个)

process v. 熟义:加工,本文生义:(大脑)处理信息
note n. 熟义:便条,本文生义:课堂笔记
skip v. 熟义:跳跃,本文生义:省略、跳过
content n. 熟义:满意的,本文生义:内容
record v. 熟义:录制,本文生义:记下、记录要点

三、同义替换(8组)

handwrite notes — take notes by hand 释义:手写笔记
recall — remember 释义:回忆、记住
distract — take one’s attention away 释义:使分心
advantage — strength 释义:优势
absorb information — take in information 释义:吸收信息
performance in tests — results in exams 释义:测试成绩
summarize — make a short version of 释义:总结概括
focus on — concentrate on 释义:专注于

四、经典句式解析(3个)

  1. 原文:Researchers have discovered that students who write notes by hand usually do better in remembering and understanding lecture materials.
    主干:Researchers have discovered that…
    解析:that宾语从句;who引导定语从句修饰students
    翻译:研究者发现,手写笔记的学生,在记忆和理解课堂材料方面表现更好。
    命题点:定语从句嵌套宾语从句
  2. 原文:While typing allows people to write down more words quickly, it stops them from thinking over what they hear.
    主干:it stops them from thinking over…
    解析:while引导让步状语从句;what引导宾语从句
    翻译:虽然打字可以快速记录更多文字,但会阻碍学生思考听到的内容。
    命题点:while让步(虽然),高频考点
  3. 原文:The reason why hand writing works better is that it forces learners to pick out key ideas instead of copying everything word for word.
    主干:The reason is that…
    解析:why定语从句;that表语从句;pick out筛选
    翻译:手写效果更好的原因是,它迫使学习者筛选核心观点,而不是逐字抄写。
    命题点:The reason why…is that…经典句型

2023年新高考I卷 阅读C篇

主题:旧物件怀旧价值

一、高频核心词(20个)

object n. 物品
possession n. 私人物品
sentimental adj. 情感上的
attach v. 依附;赋予
memory n. 回忆
keep v. 保留
meaning n. 意义
treasure v. 珍视
link v. 联系
childhood n. 童年
reminder n. 提示物
identity n. 自我
item n. 物件
practical adj. 实用的
emotional adj. 情感的
replace v. 替代
bond n. 情感联结
significance n. 重要性
survey n. 调查
collect v. 收藏

二、熟词生义(5个)

attach v. 熟义:粘贴,本文生义:赋予(情感、意义)
bond n. 熟义:纽带,本文生义:情感羁绊
item n. 熟义:项目,本文生义:一件小物件
treasure v. 熟义:珍宝(名词),本文生义:珍视、爱惜
reminder n. 熟义:提醒事项,本文生义:勾起回忆的物品

三、同义替换(8组)

sentimental value — emotional value 释义:情感价值
attach meaning to — connect meaning with 释义:赋予意义
throw away — get rid of 释义:丢掉
treasure — cherish 释义:珍视
link…to — connect…with 释义:把……联系起来
significance — importance 释义:重要意义
practical use — real function 释义:实用功能
replace — take the place of 释义:替代

四、经典句式解析(3个)

  1. 原文:Many old objects may have little practical use, yet people refuse to throw them away because they carry sentimental memories.
    主干:people refuse to throw them away
    解析:yet转折;because引导原因状语从句
    翻译:很多旧物件几乎没有实用功能,但人们舍不得丢弃,因为它们承载着带有情感的回忆。
    命题点:yet转折、原因状语从句
  2. 原文:What makes these special is that they are closely connected with important moments in our life.
    主干:What makes these special is that…
    解析:what主语从句,that表语从句
    翻译:让这些物件变得特别的,是它们和我们人生里重要的瞬间紧紧相连。
    命题点:主从+表从结构
  3. 原文:Even when such an object breaks, its owner may still keep it simply for the emotional bond it represents.
    主干:its owner may still keep it
    解析:even when让步状语从句;it represents定语从句省略that
    翻译:就算这件物件坏掉了,主人依然会留着它,只为它所代表的情感羁绊。
    命题点:even when让步状语

2023年新高考II卷 阅读C篇

主题:步行对创造力的影响

一、高频核心词(20个)

creativity n. 创造力
creative adj. 有创造力的
experiment n. 实验
participant n. 参与者
generate v. 产生
stimulate v. 激发
brain n. 大脑
mental adj. 思维的
compare v. 对比
result n. 结果
conclude v. 得出结论
outdoor adj. 户外的
indoor adj. 室内的
boost v. 促进
imagination n. 想象力
solve v. 解决
original adj. 新颖的
rate v. 打分
consistently adv. 持续地
walk v. 步行

二、熟词生义(5个)

flow n. 熟义:水流,本文生义:思绪流动、心流
boost v. 熟义:助推,本文生义:提升、促进
rate v. 熟义:比率(名词),本文生义:打分、评价
generate v. 熟义:发电,本文生义:产生(想法)
original adj. 熟义:原始的,本文生义:有创意的、新颖的

三、同义替换(8组)

boost creativity — improve creative ability 释义:提升创造力
generate ideas — come up with ideas 释义:想出点子
stimulate — encourage 释义:激发
beneficial — helpful 释义:有益的
consistently — continuously 释义:持续地
outdoor — outside 释义:户外
solve problems — work out problems 释义:解决问题
conclude — find out 释义:得出结论

四、经典句式解析(3个)

  1. 原文:Studies show that people are much more likely to produce creative ideas while they are walking, especially outdoors.
    主干:Studies show that…
    解析:that宾语从句;while引导时间状语从句
    翻译:研究表明,人们在走路的时候,尤其是在户外行走时,更容易产生有创意的想法。
    命题点:be likely to 固定结构
  2. 原文:Although simple sitting can help people focus, it cannot activate the brain in the same way as walking does.
    主干:it cannot activate the brain
    解析:although让步状语从句;the same as引导比较
    翻译:静坐虽然可以帮助人集中注意力,但无法像走路一样激活大脑。
    命题点:although让步、比较状语
  3. 原文:What the researchers found surprising was that walking participants produced twice as many original answers as those seated.
    主干:What the researchers found surprising was that…
    解析:what主语从句,that表语从句;倍数表达 twice as many as
    翻译:研究者感到意外的发现是,行走的受试者想出的新颖答案数量是静坐受试者的两倍。
    命题点:倍数表达、主表从句

2024年高考全国甲卷 阅读C篇

主题:社区共享书架

一、高频核心词(20个)

library n. 图书馆
share v. 分享
community n. 社区
shelf n. 书架
volunteer n. 志愿者
exchange v. 交换
access n. 获取;使用权
donate v. 捐赠
local adj. 当地的
connect v. 联结
encourage v. 鼓励
install v. 安装
maintain v. 维护
return v. 归还
borrow v. 借阅
spread v. 传播
literacy n. 读写能力
afford v. 负担得起
collect v. 收集
reader n. 读者

二、熟词生义(5个)

access n. 熟义:通道,本文生义:获取(资源)的机会
afford v. 熟义:承担费用,本文生义:有能力获得
install v. 熟义:安装设备,本文生义:设置、安放
maintain v. 熟义:维持,本文生义:看管维护
literacy n. 熟义:识字,本文生义:读写素养

三、同义替换(8组)

share books — exchange books 释义:交换、共享书籍
donate — give away 释义:捐赠
access to books — chance to read books 释义:读书的机会
local people — local residents 释义:当地人
encourage — inspire 释义:鼓励
maintain — look after 释义:照看维护
spread — pass on 释义:传播
afford — have enough money for 释义:负担得起

四、经典句式解析(3个)

  1. 原文:The little community book shelves aim to give more people easy access to books who cannot afford to buy lots of reading materials.
    主干:The shelves aim to give people access to books
    解析:定语从句修饰people;aim to do目标是……
    翻译:这些社区共享小书架,旨在给买不起大量读物的人群提供便捷的读书机会。
    命题点:access固定搭配aim to do
  2. 原文:Volunteers collect used books from neighbors and make simple rules so that the system can run smoothly.
    主干:Volunteers collect books and make rules
    解析:so that引导目的状语从句
    翻译:志愿者从邻居手里收集旧书,并制定简单规则,让这个借阅体系平稳运行。
    命题点:so that目的状语
  3. 原文:What this small project brings is not only books, but also closer relationships among people in the neighborhood.
    主干:What this project brings is not only books, but also relationships
    解析:what主语从句;not only…but also…并列结构
    翻译:这个小型项目带来的不只是书籍,还有邻里之间更加紧密的关系。
    命题点:not only but also

2024年高考全国乙卷 阅读C篇

主题:声音与记忆关联

一、高频核心词(20个)

sound n. 声音
memory n. 记忆
link v. 关联
cue n. 提示线索
recall v. 回想
trigger v. 触发
store v. 储存
researcher n. 研究者
discover v. 发现
image n. 图像
effect n. 效果
information n. 信息
process v. 处理
emotion n. 情绪
experiment n. 实验
participant n. 受试者
audio adj. 音频的
scene n. 场景
powerful adj. 强烈的
immediately adv. 立刻

二、熟词生义(5个)

cue n. 熟义:提示台词,本文生义:记忆线索
trigger v. 熟义:扣扳机,本文生义:触发(记忆、情绪)
store v. 熟义:商店,本文生义:储存(信息)
powerful adj. 熟义:力量大的,本文生义:强烈的(感受)
scene n. 熟义:戏剧一幕,本文生义:生活场景

三、同义替换(8组)

trigger memories — bring back memories 释义:唤起记忆
link…with — connect…to 释义:关联
recall — call up 释义:回想
powerful — strong 释义:强烈的
effect — influence 释义:影响、效果
immediately — at once 释义:立刻
process information — deal with information 释义:处理信息
discover — find 释义:发现

四、经典句式解析(3个)

  1. 原文:Scientists have found that sounds often act as strong cues which help people bring back old memories faster than pictures.
    主干:Scientists have found that…
    解析:that宾语从句;which定语从句修饰cues
    翻译:科学家发现声音往往是很强的记忆线索,相比图片,能更快帮人们唤醒旧日记忆。
    命题点:定语从句+宾语从句
  2. 原文:When we hear a familiar sound, our brain can unlock the whole set of feelings and moments tied to it.
    主干:our brain can unlock feelings and moments
    解析:when时间状语从句;tied to过去分词后置定语
    翻译:当我们听到熟悉的声音,大脑可以解锁和它绑定的一整套感受与过往瞬间。
    命题点:过去分词作定语
  3. 原文:The reason why sound works so well is that hearing and memory areas in the brain are closely connected.
    主干:The reason is that…
    解析:why定语从句,that表语从句
    翻译:声音唤醒记忆效果很好的原因,是大脑听觉区域和记忆区域紧密相连。
    命题点:The reason why…is that…

2024年新高考I卷 阅读C篇

主题:人工照明对昆虫的影响

一、高频核心词(20个)

insect n. 昆虫
artificial adj. 人工的
attract v. 吸引
disturb v. 干扰
behavior n. 行为
migrate v. 迁徙
reproduce v. 繁殖
decline v. 下降
habitat n. 栖息地
pollution n. 污染
protect v. 保护
avoid v. 避开
cycle n. 周期
rhythm n. 节律
confuse v. 迷惑
survival n. 存活
threat n. 威胁
suggest v. 表明
feed v. 觅食
darkness n. 黑暗

二、熟词生义(5个)

cycle n. 熟义:自行车,本文生义:生命周期、节律
rhythm n. 熟义:节奏音乐,本文生义:生物节律
guide v. 熟义:向导,本文生义:指引(昆虫方向)
pollution n. 熟义:排污污染,本文生义:光污染
feed v. 熟义:喂养,本文生义:(动物)觅食

三、同义替换(8组)

artificial light — man-made light 释义:人造灯光
disturb — interrupt 释义:干扰
decline — fall 释义:下降
threaten — put…in danger 释义:威胁
protect — keep…safe 释义:保护
confuse — puzzle 释义:使迷惑
migrate — move long distances 释义:迁徙
suggest — indicate 释义:表明

四、经典句式解析(3个)

  1. 原文:Artificial night light draws insects away from their normal activities such as feeding, migrating and finding mates.
    主干:Artificial night light draws insects away
    解析:such as举例;draw…away from 把……从……引开
    翻译:夜间人造灯光会吸引昆虫,让它们脱离觅食、迁徙、寻找配偶等正常活动。
    命题点:draw固定短语
  2. 原文:Because many insects depend on darkness to follow their natural biological rhythm, light pollution has become a serious hidden threat.
    主干:light pollution has become a threat
    解析:because原因状语从句;depend on依赖
    翻译:很多昆虫依靠黑暗维持自然生物节律,因此光污染已经成为一种严重的隐性威胁。
    命题点:原因状语从句
  3. 原文:What researchers advise is that people should use warmer, dimmer lights outdoors and turn them off when not needed.
    主干:What researchers advise is that…
    解析:what主语从句;that表语从句,内部包含when省略式状语
    翻译:研究者的建议是,户外使用偏暖、亮度更低的灯,不需要的时候关掉。
    命题点:主从+表从、状语从句省略

2024年新高考II卷 阅读C篇

主题:主动休息提升效率

一、高频核心词(20个)

rest n. 休息
active adj. 主动的
break n. 短暂休息
focus n. 专注力
energy n. 精力
recover v. 恢复
passive adj. 被动的
stare v. 盯着
refresh v. 恢复活力
improve v. 提升
performance n. 表现
period n. 时段
relax v. 放松
reduce v. 降低
pressure n. 压力
effective adj. 有效的
suggest v. 建议
concentration n. 专注
mental adj. 脑力的
screen n. 屏幕

二、熟词生义(5个)

break n. 熟义:打破,本文生义:短暂休息
active adj. 熟义:积极的,本文生义:主动式的(休息)
refresh v. 熟义:刷新页面,本文生义:恢复精力
period n. 熟义:句号,本文生义:一段时间
screen n. 熟义:屏风,本文生义:电子屏幕

三、同义替换(8组)

active rest — active break 释义:主动休息
recover energy — get energy back 释义:恢复精力
focus — concentration 释义:专注力
effective — useful 释义:有效的
reduce pressure — lower stress 释义:减压
improve performance — do better 释义:提升表现
passive — inactive 释义:被动的
suggest — recommend 释义:建议

四、经典句式解析(3个)

  1. 原文:Taking short active breaks instead of staring at screens helps the brain recover faster and keeps our concentration steady.
    主干:Taking breaks helps the brain recover and keeps concentration steady
    解析:动名词作主语;instead of代替
    翻译:进行简短的主动休息,而不是盯着屏幕,能够帮助大脑更快恢复,维持稳定专注力。
    命题点:动名词作主语
  2. 原文:While passive rest like quiet sitting can make you feel relaxed, it cannot bring the same improvement to later work.
    主干:it cannot bring improvement
    解析:while让步状语从句;like举例
    翻译:静坐这类被动休息虽然让人放松,但无法对后续的工作带来同等提升效果。
    命题点:while(虽然)让步
  3. 原文:Experts advise that whenever you feel your mind slowing down, you should stand up, walk a little and take a breath.
    主干:Experts advise that…
    解析:that宾语从句;whenever引导时间状语从句
    翻译:专家建议,每当你感觉思维变慢的时候,可以起身走动片刻,深呼吸。
    命题点:whenever引导状语从句

2025年高考全国甲卷 阅读C篇

主题:古老种子库项目

一、高频核心词(20个)

seed n. 种子
bank n. 种子库
preserve v. 保存
species n. 物种
variety n. 品种
adapt v. 适应
climate n. 气候
survive v. 存活
researcher n. 研究者
genetic adj. 基因的
resource n. 资源
risk n. 风险
disappear v. 消失
rare adj. 稀有的
temperature n. 温度
condition n. 条件
last v. 保存(多久)
crop n. 农作物
collect v. 收集
develop v. 培育

二、熟词生义(5个)

bank n. 熟义:银行,本文生义:库、储备库
last v. 熟义:最后,本文生义:持续、保存不坏
crop n. 熟义:收成,本文生义:农作物
preserve v. 熟义:保护古迹,本文生义:低温保存(种质)
condition n. 熟义:条件,本文生义:储存环境

三、同义替换(8组)

preserve — keep safe 释义:保存保护
adapt to climate change — get used to weather changes 释义:适应气候变化
disappear — die out 释义:消失、灭绝
rare — uncommon 释义:稀有的
genetic resources — gene resources 释义:基因资源
risk — danger 释义:风险
collect — gather 释义:收集
value — importance 释义:价值

四、经典句式解析(3个)

  1. 原文:The global seed bank is built to keep different crop seeds safe, so that they can be reused if some kinds disappear in the future.
    主干:The seed bank is built to keep seeds safe
    解析:so that目的状语从句;if条件从句
    翻译:全球种子库的建立是为了妥善保存各类农作物种子,这样如果某些品种未来消失,还可以重新利用。
    命题点:so that目的状语
  2. 原文:What scientists worry about most is that many old crop varieties are lost as modern farming spreads widely.
    主干:What scientists worry about most is that…
    解析:what主语从句;that表语从句;as伴随状语
    翻译:科学家最担心的是,随着现代农业普及,很多古老作物品种正在流失。
    命题点:as引导时间伴随
  3. 原文:Seeds can last for hundreds of years only when they are kept in low-temperature and dry environments.
    主干:Seeds can last for hundreds of years
    解析:only when条件状语从句
    翻译:种子只有储存在低温干燥的环境下,才可以保存数百年。
    命题点:only when状语从句

2025年高考全国乙卷 阅读C篇

主题:倾听自然声音有益健康

一、高频核心词(20个)

nature n. 自然
stream n. 溪流
health n. 健康
well-being n. 身心健康
stress n. 压力
rate n. 速率
relax v. 放松
mental adj. 心理的
participant n. 受试者
urban adj. 城市的
noise n. 噪音
effect n. 效果
positive adj. 积极的
recover v. 恢复
attention n. 注意力
fatigue n. 疲惫
environment n. 环境
expose v. 使接触
birdcall n. 鸟鸣
regularly adv. 经常地

二、熟词生义(5个)

rate n. 熟义:比率,本文生义:(心跳)速率
expose v. 熟义:暴露,本文生义:使接触、置身于
well-being n. 熟义:福利,本文生义:身心舒适状态
stream n. 熟义:数据流,本文生义:小溪
fatigue n. 熟义:金属疲劳,本文生义:精神疲惫

三、同义替换(8组)

reduce stress — cut down pressure 释义:减压
benefit health — be good for health 释义:有益健康
relax — calm down 释义:放松平静
positive effect — good influence 释义:积极效果
expose to — be surrounded by 释义:置身于
regularly — often 释义:经常
recover — get better 释义:恢复
noise — unwanted sound 释义:噪音

四、经典句式解析(3个)

  1. 原文:A number of studies show that listening to natural sounds such as running water and bird songs can help people feel less stressed.
    主干:studies show that…
    解析:that宾语从句;动名词listening作从句主语
    翻译:多项研究表明,听流水、鸟鸣这类自然声响,可以帮助人们减轻压力。
    命题点:动名词作主语
  2. 原文:Although city noise raises heart rate and makes people nervous, natural sounds can slow the heart and bring a peaceful state.
    主干:natural sounds can slow the heart and bring a state
    解析:although让步状语从句
    翻译:城市噪音会升高心率、让人紧张,而自然声响可以放缓心跳,带来平静的状态。
    命题点:although让步
  3. 原文:What the researchers recommend is that people should spend some time in natural environments whenever possible.
    主干:What researchers recommend is that…
    解析:what主语从句,that表语从句
    翻译:研究者建议,只要条件允许,人们应当花一些时间处在自然环境之中。
    命题点:主表从句

2025年全国一卷 阅读C篇

主题:手工技艺传承

一、高频核心词(20个)

craft n. 手艺
tradition n. 传统
skill n. 技艺
generation n. 一代人
master n. 匠人
disappear v. 消失
heritage n. 遗产
cultural adj. 文化的
unique adj. 独特的
attract v. 吸引
support v. 扶持
project n. 项目
patient adj. 有耐心的
require v. 需要
effort n. 努力
preserve v. 传承保存
revive v. 复兴
create v. 创作
pass v. 传递
youngster n. 年轻人

二、熟词生义(5个)

craft n. 熟义:飞行器,本文生义:手艺、工艺
master n. 熟义:大师(名词),本文生义:熟练掌握;匠人
pass v. 熟义:通过考试,本文生义:代代相传
feature n. 熟义:特征,本文生义:以……为特色
revive v. 熟义:苏醒,本文生义:复兴(技艺)

三、同义替换(8组)

pass down — hand on 释义:代代相传
disappear — die away 释义:消失
cultural heritage — cultural treasure 释义:文化遗产
unique — one-of-a-kind 释义:独一无二的
preserve — keep alive 释义:传承
revive — bring back 释义:复兴
require — need 释义:需要
attract — draw 释义:吸引

四、经典句式解析(3个)

  1. 原文:Many old handcrafts are at risk of disappearing because fewer young people are willing to spend years learning these difficult skills.
    主干:handcrafts are at risk
    解析:because原因状语从句;be willing to愿意做
    翻译:很多古老手工技艺面临失传风险,因为愿意花数年学习这些复杂手艺的年轻人越来越少。
    命题点:be at risk of固定搭配
  2. 原文:What makes handcrafts special is that each piece carries the maker’s personal attention and time.
    主干:What makes handcrafts special is that…
    解析:what主语从句,that表语从句
    翻译:手工制品独特之处在于,每一件都承载着制作者投入的心血与时间。
    命题点:主从+表从
  3. 原文:Once a craft is passed to the next generation, it can continue to live and develop in new forms.
    主干:it can continue to live and develop
    解析:once引导时间状语从句
    翻译:一门手艺一旦传给下一代,就能以新的形式延续、发展下去。
    命题点:once状语从句

2025年全国二卷 阅读C篇

主题:放慢阅读速度的好处

一、高频核心词(20个)

read v. 阅读
speed n. 速度
comprehend v. 理解
detail n. 细节
literature n. 文学作品
reader n. 读者
habit n. 习惯
deep adj. 深度的
thinking n. 思考
scan v. 快速浏览
skip v. 跳过
appreciate v. 赏析
language n. 语言
beauty n. 美感
balance n. 平衡
purpose n. 目的
method n. 方法
benefit n. 益处
novel n. 小说
meaning n. 含义

二、熟词生义(5个)

scan v. 熟义:扫描,本文生义:快速浏览
surface n. 熟义:表面,本文生义:浅层次(理解)
appreciate v. 熟义:感激,本文生义:赏析、品味
train v. 熟义:火车,本文生义:训练、培养
miss v. 熟义:想念,本文生义:漏掉(信息)

三、同义替换(8组)

slow reading — unhurried reading 释义:慢速阅读
comprehend — understand 释义:理解
appreciate — enjoy 释义:欣赏
scan — glance over 释义:快速浏览
benefit — advantage 释义:好处
deep thinking — thorough thinking 释义:深度思考
miss — fail to notice 释义:漏掉
method — way 释义:方法

四、经典句式解析(3个)

  1. 原文:Fast reading helps us collect information quickly, but it often stops us from digging into the hidden meaning behind words.
    主干:Fast reading helps us collect information, but it stops us from digging into meaning
    解析:but并列转折;stop sb from doing阻止某人做某事
    翻译:快速阅读可以帮我们快速搜集信息,但常常阻碍我们挖掘文字背后深层含义。
    命题点:stop…from固定搭配
  2. 原文:What slow reading brings us is a chance to feel the beauty of language and think independently.
    主干:What slow reading brings us is a chance
    解析:what引导主语从句;不定式后置修饰chance
    翻译:慢速阅读带给我们的,是感受语言之美、独立思考的机会。
    命题点:主语从句
  3. 原文:Although speed reading fits for simple material, slow reading works better for literature and complex articles.
    主干:slow reading works better
    解析:although让步状语从句
    翻译:虽然速读适合简单材料,但精读更适合文学作品和复杂文章。
    命题点:although让步状语从句

2026年高考全国甲卷 阅读C篇

主题:城市树木降温效应研究

一、高频核心词(20个)

tree n. 树木
shade n. 树荫
temperature n. 温度
cool v. 降温
urban adj. 城市的
heat n. 热量
island n. 岛
effect n. 效应
climate n. 气候
measure v. 测量
data n. 数据
leaf n. 树叶
evaporate v. 蒸发
moisture n. 水分
surface n. 地表
pavement n. 人行道
reduce v. 降低
researcher n. 研究者
factor n. 因素
vegetation n. 植被

二、熟词生义(5个)

island n. 熟义:岛屿,本文生义:(热岛)区域
cool v. 熟义:凉爽的(adj.),本文生义:使降温
surface n. 熟义:表面,本文生义:地面表层
pavement n. 熟义:铺路材料,本文生义:硬化路面
factor n. 熟义:因数,本文生义:影响因素

三、同义替换(8组)

heat island — hot urban area 释义:热岛
lower temperature — cut down heat 释义:降低温度
measure — record 释义:测量、记录
vegetation — plant life 释义:植被
evaporate — turn into gas 释义:蒸发
influence — affect 释义:影响
significant — obvious 释义:显著的
apart from — besides 释义:除……之外

四、经典句式解析(3个)

  1. 原文:Urban trees help fight the heat island effect mainly through shade and water evaporation from their leaves.
    主干:Urban trees help fight the heat island effect
    解析:through介词短语表方式;and连接两个并列名词shade和evaporation
    翻译:城市树木主要依靠树荫和树叶的水分蒸发来缓解热岛效应。
    命题点:方式状语、科普逻辑,细节题高频
  2. 原文:Scientists found that tree cover can make street surfaces several degrees cooler than open concrete pavement.
    主干:Scientists found that…
    解析:that引导宾语从句;cooler than比较结构
    翻译:科学家发现,树木覆盖可以让路面温度比裸露的硬化人行道低好几度。
    命题点:宾语从句+比较级
  3. 原文:Although trees cannot solve city heating alone, they are one of the cheapest and most useful tools for urban climate control.
    主干:they are one of the tools
    解析:although引导让步状语从句
    翻译:虽然树木无法单独解决城市高温问题,但它们是调控城市气候成本最低、最有效的手段之一。
    命题点:although让步状语

2026年高考全国乙卷 阅读C篇

主题:多任务处理对学习效率的影响

一、高频核心词(20个)

multitask v. 多任务处理
task n. 任务
attention n. 注意力
switch v. 切换
focus n. 专注
efficiency n. 效率
brain n. 大脑
resource n. 资源
interrupt v. 打断
distract v. 使分心
memory n. 记忆
recall v. 回忆
experiment n. 实验
performance n. 表现
limit v. 限制
consecutive adj. 连续的
period n. 时段
beneficial adj. 有益的
continuous adj. 持续的
concentration n. 专注力

二、熟词生义(5个)

switch v. 熟义:开关,本文生义:切换(注意力)
resource n. 熟义:资源,本文生义:脑力资源
limit v. 熟义:界限(n.),本文生义:限制、制约
consecutive adj. 熟义:连贯的,本文生义:不间断的
cost n. 熟义:花费,本文生义:认知损耗

三、同义替换(8组)

switch attention — shift focus 释义:转移注意力
interrupt — break in 释义:打断
distract — take attention away 释义:使分心
efficiency — productivity 释义:效率
recall — bring back 释义:回忆
limit — restrict 释义:限制
continuous — unbroken 释义:持续不断的
harmful — bad for 释义:有害的

四、经典句式解析(3个)

  1. 原文:When people keep switching between different tasks, their brain wastes extra energy and learns less in the same time.
    主干:their brain wastes energy and learns less
    解析:when引导时间状语从句
    翻译:当人们不断在不同任务之间切换时,大脑会消耗额外精力,同等时间内学到的内容更少。
    命题点:时间状语从句
  2. 原文:What many students believe is that multitasking saves time, yet research shows the opposite result.
    主干:What many students believe is that…
    解析:what主语从句,that表语从句;yet转折
    翻译:很多学生认为多任务处理可以节省时间,但研究得出相反结论。
    命题点:主从+表从结构
  3. 原文:If you want better learning results, it is wise to finish one task fully before moving on to the next.
    主干:it is wise to finish one task
    解析:if条件状语从句;it作形式主语
    翻译:如果你想要更好的学习效果,明智的做法是完整完成一项任务,再开始下一项。
    命题点:形式主语、if条件从句

2026年全国一卷 阅读C篇

主题:水下考古与沉船文物保护

一、高频核心词(20个)

archaeology n. 考古学
underwater adj. 水下的
shipwreck n. 沉船
relic n. 文物
explore v. 探查
preserve v. 保护
salty adj. 咸的
seabed n. 海床
diver n. 潜水员
survey v. 勘测
record v. 记录
damage v. 损坏
corrode v. 腐蚀
oxygen n. 氧气
condition n. 环境
historical adj. 历史的
value n. 价值
site n. 遗址
technique n. 技术
recover v. 打捞、复原

二、熟词生义(5个)

site n. 熟义:网站,本文生义:考古遗址
recover v. 熟义:恢复健康,本文生义:打捞出土
salty adj. 熟义:咸的,本文生义:含盐分的(海水)
condition n. 熟义:条件,本文生义:保存环境
corrode v. 熟义:侵蚀,本文生义:(海水)腐蚀器物

三、同义替换(8组)

shipwreck — sunken ship 释义:沉船
historical relic — historic object 释义:历史文物
survey — examine 释义:勘测、考察
preserve — keep safe 释义:保护
corrode — eat away 释义:腐蚀
underwater — beneath the sea 释义:水下
site — location 释义:遗址、地点
recover — get back 释义:打捞取回

四、经典句式解析(3个)

  1. 原文:Some ancient shipwrecks stay well protected on the seabed because low oxygen slows down the speed of corrosion.
    主干:Some ancient shipwrecks stay protected
    解析:because引导原因状语从句
    翻译:部分古代沉船能在海床上完好保存,是因为低氧环境减缓了腐蚀速度。
    命题点:原因状语从句、科普因果逻辑
  2. 原文:Divers carry out careful surveys before any relics are taken away from the underwater site.
    主干:Divers carry out surveys
    解析:before时间状语从句,被动语态
    翻译:潜水员会先开展细致勘测,之后才会从水下遗址取出文物。
    命题点:被动语态
  3. 原文:The goal of underwater archaeology is not just to dig out treasure but to learn about life in the past.
    主干:The goal is not just to dig out treasure but to learn…
    解析:not just…but (also) 并列不定式作表语
    翻译:水下考古的目标不只是发掘宝物,而是去了解古人的生活。
    命题点:not just…but 并列结构

2026年全国二卷 阅读C篇

主题:食物感官体验研究(气味影响味觉)

一、高频核心词(20个)

taste n. 味道
smell n. 气味
flavor n. 风味
sense n. 感官
tongue n. 舌头
nose n. 鼻子
signal n. 信号
brain n. 大脑
combine v. 结合
detect v. 感知
experiment n. 实验
participant n. 受试者
block v. 阻断
reduce v. 减弱
sensation n. 感官感受
chew v. 咀嚼
release v. 释放
chemical n. 化学物质
contribute v. 促成
perceive v. 感知

二、熟词生义(5个)

flavor n. 熟义:口味,本文生义:综合风味(味+嗅)
block v. 熟义:石块(n.),本文生义:阻断、封住
perceive v. 熟义:理解,本文生义:感官感知
release v. 熟义:发布,本文生义:释放(气味分子)
sensation n. 熟义:轰动,本文生义:感官感受

三、同义替换(8组)

flavor — combined taste and smell 释义:风味
detect — sense 释义:感知
block — stop 释义:阻断
perceive — feel 释义:感受到
contribute to — help to form 释义:促成
release — give off 释义:释放
sensation — feeling 释义:感受
combine — mix together 释义:结合

四、经典句式解析(3个)

  1. 原文:Most people think taste comes only from the tongue, but scientists prove smell plays a much bigger part in forming flavor.
    主干:scientists prove smell plays a bigger part
    解析:but转折;that宾语从句省略引导词
    翻译:大多数人认为味道只来自舌头,但科学家证实,气味在形成食物风味中起到更大作用。
    命题点:转折逻辑
  2. 原文:When we chew food, small chemical particles travel up to the nose and send signals to the brain.
    主干:particles travel up and send signals
    解析:when引导时间状语从句
    翻译:我们咀嚼食物时,微小化学颗粒上行至鼻腔,向大脑传递信号。
    命题点:并列谓语
  3. 原文:If a person’s nose is blocked, the same food will seem less tasty even though the tongue still works normally.
    主干:the same food will seem less tasty
    解析:if条件状语从句;even though让步状语从句
    翻译:如果人的鼻子被堵住,即便舌头功能正常,同样的食物吃起来也会寡淡很多。
    命题点:if + even though 双重从句嵌套

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高中英语-阅读C篇高频词汇/熟词生义同义词替换/长难句真题归纳2022-2026高考汇编-言心吖资料库
高中英语-阅读C篇高频词汇/熟词生义同义词替换/长难句真题归纳2022-2026高考汇编
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